an exact spot in space
Point
straight path that continues infinitely in two directions
Line
part of a line with two endpoints
Line segment
part of a line with one endpoint and one arrow that goes on forever
Ray
an endless flat surface
Plane
lines that never intersect
parallel
lines that cross at a 90 degree angle
perpendicular
lines that pass through the same point
intersecting lines
90 degrees
a right angle
less than 90 degrees
acute angle
greater than 90 degrees but less than 180 degrees
obtuse angle
180 degrees
a straight angle
same exact measurement(s)
congruent
Two angles whose sum is 180°
supplementary angles
Two angles whose sum is 90°.
Complementary angles
the pairs of opposite angles made by two intersecting lines (they will be congruent)
vertical angles
angles that are right next to each other
adjacent angles
two angles in the same relative position at each intersection in a transversal (where a straight lines cross two parallel lines). These angles are congruent.
corresponding angles
parallel lines are intersected by another line, the intersecting line is called a ______________________
transversal
Each pair of these angles are inside the parallel lines, and on opposite sides of the transversal (these angles are congruent)
alternate interior angles
a pair of angles on the outer side of each of those two parallel lines but on opposite sides of the transversal (these angles are congruent)
Alternate Exterior Angles
the two inside angles on the same side in a traversal will equal _____
180 degrees (same-side interior angles)
where two or more line segments or rays meet.
vertex
a ruler with no markings on it
straight edge
tool used to draw circles and arcs (parts of circles)
compass
size of a 2D surface
area
distance around a 2D shape
perimeter
line segment with end points on a circle
chord
distance around a circle
circumference
Figures with corresponding angles that are equal and corresponding sides that are proportional
similar
A chord that passes through the center of the circle from one edge to another
diameter
A line segment from the center of a circle to the edge
radius
The total area on all sides (surfaces) of a figure
surface area
The movement of objects in the coordinate plane where image is either similar to or congruent to the pre-image.
transformation
A Slide, Each vertex moves the same distance in the same directions
translation
A turn, Each vertex is rotated the number of degrees around a rotation point
rotation
A Flip, Each vertex is flipped across a line of reflection to result in a mirror image.
reflection
a line, segment or ray that goes through the midpoint of a segment
bisector
A point on a line segment that divides it into two equal parts.
midpoint
a part of the circumference of a circle or other curve
arc
The amount of space an object takes up.
volume
a quadrilateral with four right angles and 4 congruent sides
square
a quadrilateral with four right angles
rectangle
a quadrilateral with four congruent sides
rhombus
A quadrilateral with two sets of congruent lines that are adjacent to each other.
kite
A triangle with all acute angles
acute triange
A triangle with one obtuse angle and two acute angles
obtuse triangle
A triangle with one 90 degree angle
right triangle
A triangle with all congruent sides
equilateral triangle
A triangle with at least two congruent sides
isosceles
A triangle with no congruent sides
scalene triangle
quadrilateral with both pairs of opposite sides are parallel
parallelogram
A closed figure formed by three or more line segments that do not cross.
polygon
four sided polygon
four sided polygon
A polygon with congruent sides and angles
regular polygon
a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides
trapezoid
A set of points in the same plane equal distance from the center.
circle
A set of all points in space that are the same distance from the center point.
sphere
A 3D object where the rectangular faces are perpendicular to the base shape. The base can be any shape.
right prism
3D object with a circular base and one vertex
cone
A prism with triangular faces that meet at one point, a vertex and base that is a polygon.
pyramid
A prism with two congruent parallel bases that are circles.
cylinder
A rectangular prism with faces that are all squares
cube
A line that intersects a curve (or circle) in at least two distinct points.
Secant
A line that touches a curve (or circle) at exactly one point.
Tangent (to a circle)
An angle whose vertex is the center O of a circle and whose legs (sides) are radii intersecting the circle in two distinct points A and B.
Central Angle
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
The ratio between the side opposite of an angle and the hypotenuse.
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
Sine
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
The ratio between the side adjacent to an angle and the hypotenuse.
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
Cosine
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
The ratio between the side opposite of an angle and the side adjacent to the angle.
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
Tangent (as a triangle ratio)
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
Exterior Angles Theorem
*Secondary 2 and higher only*
The exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the two opposite interior angles