123
Who among the following is not considered a relational Gestalt therapist?
a. Fritz Perls
b. Laura Perls
c. Miriam Polster
d.
Erving Polster
a
Gestalt therapy is a form of:
a. Freudian psychoanalytic therapy.
b. neo-Freudian analytic
therapy.
c. behavior therapy.
d. existential therapy.
d
Field theory asserts that:
a. the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
b. human
beings have a innate capacity to self regulate.
c. the organism
must be seen in its environment, or in its context, as part of the
constantly changing field.
d. phenomenological inquiry is the
key to behavior change.
c
Prerequisites for good contact involves all of the following except:
a. zest.
b. creativity.
c. imagination.
d. projection.
d
Erving Polster believes that storytelling:
a. is always a form of resistance.
b. can be the heart of the
therapeutic process.
c. is acceptable only if one’s client is a
writer.
d. is an indication that one’s client is a pathological liar.
b
It is essential that counselors establish a relationship with their clients, so that the clients will:
a. be less divulging during an assessment.
b. be less focused
on the here and now.
c. feel trusting enough to participate in
the learning that can result from Gestalt experiments.
d. be
more willing to be involved in process-oriented diagnosis.
c
A critical difference between early Gestalt therapy and relational Gestalt therapy is the:
a. emphasis on contact.
b. approach to confrontation.
c.
use of techniques.
d. focus on the figure formation process.
b
The Gestalt therapist:
a. freely makes interpretations for the client.
b. pays
attention to the client's nonverbal language.
c. is mainly
nondirective.
d. helps the client understand why he or she is
behaving in self-defeating ways.
b
In Gestalt theory, the experiment is:
a. a specific technique of therapy.
b. tailored to fit the
client's unique needs and presented in an invitational manner.
c.
a ready-made exercise used to achieve a behavioral goal.
d. a
scientific procedure to assess the effectiveness of therapy.
b
When a person experiences an internal conflict (namely a conflict between top dog and underdog), which of the following techniques would be most appropriate?
a. Making the rounds
b. The reversal technique
c. The
internal dialogue exercise
d. The rehearsal exercise
c
Often Greta, who struggles to feel good about herself, comes to sessions with slouched posture. In order to help Greta gain a clearer understanding of the inner meaning of her slouched posture, a Gestalt therapist might:
a. ask Greta to exaggerate her poor posture, which is likely to
intensify her feelings attached to it.
b. have Greta undergo
hypnosis.
c. ask Greta to free associate to the words
"slouched posture."
d. refer her to an orthopedic
surgeon to rule out scoliosis.
a
A Gestalt technique that is most useful when a person attempts to deny an aspect of his or her personality (such as tenderness) is:
a. making the rounds.
b. the reversal exercise.
c.the
rehearsal exercise.
d. the empty chair technique.
b
Mariah tells her therapist, a Gestaltist, that she dreamt she got married to a pit bull and felt uneasy about telling her parents that she married a dog. When her parents discovered their son-in-law was a pit bull, they disowned her and suddenly became dogs themselves. In response to this dream, Mariah’s therapist:
a. may need to contact a psychiatric hospital (and possibly an
animal shelter) since it is likely Mariah unconsciously desires to
marry a dog.
b. should interpret the dream for her
client.
c. should assist her client in reliving the dream as
though it was happening in the now and have her become each part of
the dream.
d. should encourage her client to forget the dream
since it was meaningless.
c
The paradoxical theory of behavior change suggests:
a. we change by setting future-oriented goals.
b. clients
should pay particular attention to becoming the person they wish to
be.
c. careful attention should devoted to changing behavior in
the moment it is happening.
d. authentic change occurs more
from being who we are than from trying to be who we are not.
d
The basic goal of Gestalt therapy is:
a. attaining awareness and contact with the environment.
b.
to understand why we feel as we do.
c. to uncover repressed
material.
d. to help clients develop better social skills.
a
According to the Gestalt perspective, if people do not remember their dreams:
a. they may be refusing to face what is wrong with their
lives.
b. that suggests they have no internal
conflicts.
c. they are sound sleepers.
d. they lack creativity.
a
A contribution of this therapeutic approach is:
a. it enables intense experiencing to occur over a long period of
time.
b. it can be a relatively long therapy.
c. it
stresses talking about problems, as opposed to doing and
experiencing.
d. the exciting way in which the past is dealt
with in a lively manner by bringing relevant aspects into the present.
d
According to Gestalt theory, people use avoidance in order to:
a. help assist them in facing unfinished business.
b. keep
from feeling uncomfortable emotions.
c. help them work to
change.
d. help express feelings openly.
b
Empirical support for Gestalt therapy is:
a. weak.
b. welldeveloped.
c. becoming
stronger.
d. unavailable.
c
According to Gestalt theory, all of the following are true about contact except:
a. contact is necessary for change and growth to occur.
b.
one maintains a sense of individuality as a result of good
contact.
c. withdrawal after a good contact experience
indicates neurosis.
d. contact is made by seeing, hearing,
smelling, touching, and moving.
c
In Gestalt therapy, the relationship between client and counselor is seen as:
a. the heart of therapy.
b. a place for the therapist to
work on personal issues.
c. not being an I/Thou
interaction.
d. technique bound.
a
Which of the following is not true about Gestalt techniques?
a. "Exercises" are readymade techniques.
b.
"Experiments" grow out of the interaction between therapist
and client.
c. Clients need to be prepared for their
involvement in Gestalt techniques.
d. Experiments are always
carried out during the therapy session, rather than outside it.
d
Which of the following is not true about Fritz Perls?
a. He was the main originator and developer of Gestalt
therapy.
b. During his childhood, he was a model
student.
c. He was influenced by psychoanalytic
concepts.
d. He took issue with Freud’s theory on a number of grounds.
b
The five different kinds of contact boundary disturbances include all of the following, except:
a. retroflection.
b. projection.
c.
introjection.
d. introflection.
d
Which of the following aspects of a client's use of language would a Gestalt therapist not focus on?
a. "It" talk
b. "You" talk
c.
Questions
d. Semantics
d
Which of the following is not true about the Gestalt view of the role of confrontation in therapy?
a. It is not possible to be both confrontational and gentle with
clients.
b. It is important to confront clients with the ways
they are avoiding being fully alive.
c. Confrontation does not
have to be aimed at negative traits.
d. Confrontation should be
a genuine expression of caring.
a
Which of the following Gestalt techniques involves asking one person in a group to speak to each of the other group members?
a. The rehearsal exercise
b. The reversal technique
c.
Making the rounds
d. The exaggeration technique
c
The empty chair technique:
a. assists clients in deciding what chair they like.
b. is
a vehicle for the technique of role reversal.
c. allows clients
to internalize a role and not share.
d. does not help resolve
unfinished business.
b
Which of the following is not one of Miriam Polster's three stages in her integration sequence?
a. Reunification
b. Discovery
c. Assimilation
d. Accommodation
a
A teenage girl is angry with her parents and cuts on her arm. In Gestalt terms, she is most likely engaging in:
a. introjection.
b. projection.
c.
retroflection.
d. confluence.
c
Because of his need to be liked, Jose makes careful efforts to get along with everyone and minimize interpersonal conflicts. Which boundary disturbance is Jose exhibiting?
a. Introjection
b. Projection
c. Retroflection
d. Confluence
d
Which of the following is not one of the Gestalt group leader's roles?
a. Designing experiments for group members
b. Evoking group
catharsis
c. Engaging in self-disclosure
d. Facilitating
contact in the group setting
b
__________ are preplanned activities that can be used to elicit emotion, produce action, or achieve a specific goal.
a. Cathartic events
b. Faulty experiments
c.
Exercises
d. Conflicting opinions
c
Contemporary Gestalt therapists view client resistance as a:
a. way that clients avoid confrontation.
b. sign of poor
motivation for therapeutic work.
c. therapy interfering force
that needs to be overcome.
d. creative adjustment to a
situation and something to be respected.
d
One of the main contributions of the Gestalt approach is its:
a. behavioral training models.
b. emphasis on learning to
appreciate and fully experience the present moment.
c. attempt
to remain focused on the past.
d. ability to allow the client
to remain oblivious to his or her behavior.
b
__________ involves blurring the differentiation between the self and the environment.
a. Confluence
b. Deflection
c. Retroflection
d. Projection
a
When a client recognizes he or she has a choice describes which stage of Miriam Polster's threestage integration sequence?
a. Discovery
b. Accommodation
c. Assimilation
d. Retroflection
b
__________ grow out of the interaction between client and therapist and emerge within this dialogic process.
a. Exercises
b. Figureformations
c. Fantasies
d. Experiments
d
Which technique takes an anticipated event and brings it into the present moment to act out?
a. Emptychair
b. Future projection
c. Internal
dialogue
d. Making the rounds
b
When a client learns how to influence his or her environment describes which stage of Miriam Polster's threestage integration sequence?
a. Discovery
b. Accommodation
c. Assimilation
d. Retroflection
c
true or false
Gestalt theory is best considered as a form of psychoanalytic therapy.
false
true or false
The Gestalt therapist typically uses diagnosis and interpretation as a basic part of the therapeutic process.
false
true or false
In the Gestaltist view, unfinished business is best explored in the present.
true
true or false
A Gestalt therapist pays attention to ways the client uses language.
true
true or false
Therapy is based upon the successful resolution of the transference relationship.
false
true or false
Both contact and withdrawal are necessary and important to healthy functioning.
true
true or false
Gestalt therapy makes use of a wide variety of techniques that are designed to increase the client’s awareness of his or her present experiencing.
true
true or false
According to Perls, awareness of and by itself is not sufficient to lead to change; clients must also put their experiences into some type of cognitive framework if change is to happen.
false
true or false
The Gestalt approach to dream work consists of the therapist interpreting the meaning of the symbols in the dream.
false
true or false
Since Gestalt therapists believe that questions have a tendency to keep the questioner hidden, safe, and unknown, they often ask clients to change their questions into statements.
true
true or false
Gestalt therapy is designed for individual counseling, and it typically does not work well in groups.
false
true or false
One of the contributions of Gestalt therapy is the vast empirical research that has been done to validate the specific techniques used.
false
true or false
The goal of Gestalt therapy is to solve basic problems, to resolve one’s polarities, and to help the individual to adjust to his or her environment.
false
true or false
Gestaltists typically ask why questions in the attempt to get clients to think about the source of their problems.
false
true or false
Gestalt therapy focuses on the cognitive aspects of therapy.
false
true or false
Gestalt techniques can be considered experiments.
true
true or false
Part of success in using Gestalt techniques is contingent upon preparing clients for these techniques.
true
true or false
Most of the Gestalt techniques are designed to intensify one’s experiencing.
true
true or false
Gestalt therapies view a client’s avoidance behavior as related to unfinished business.
true
true or false
Blocked energy is a form of defensive behavior.
true
true or false
Retroflection involves doing to others what we would like them to do to us.
false
true or false
In Gestalt therapy, a client’s resistance is welcomed and used to deepen their therapeutic work.
true
true or false
People who rely on retroflection tend to inhibit themselves from taking action out of fear of embarrassment, guilt, and resentment.
true
true or false
A current trend in Gestalt therapy is toward greater emphasis on the client/therapist relationship rather than on techniques.
true
true or false
Gestalt therapy is lively and promotes direct experiencing rather than the abstractness of talking about situations.
true
true or false
Since Gestalt therapy focuses on the here-and-now, the past is neither explored nor given emphasis.
false
true or false
In Gestalt terms, awareness refers to our connectedness to our external and internal worlds.
true
true or false
Genuine knowledge is the product of what the person understands of the situation of another.
false
true or false
Although Perls used a highly confrontational approach in dealing with client avoidance and resistance, the confrontational model is not representative of contemporary Gestalt therapy.
true
true or false
Gestalt group therapists use experiments to encourage clients to move from talking about action to taking action.
true