The heart is located in the _________ cavity, between _________________.
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Base is directed ____________, and the apex is directed
___________________.
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The membrane surrounding and protecting the heart is called
______________.
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Pericardium consists of two parts; outer is the ______________ and the inner is the __________________.
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Serous pericardium is double layered; outer is ___________________ and inner is called ________________.
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Visceral pericardium is also called the _______________.
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Space between the parietal and the visceral pericardium is called the _____________________ cavity filled with the ____________ fluid.
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Inflammation of the pericardium leads to ______________________.
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The outermost layer of the heart wall is called the _______________.
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The middle layer of the heart wall is called the _______________.
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The innermost layer of the heart wall is called the _______________.
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An external groove separating the atria from the ventricles is called
________________________.
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Right atrium receives blood from _______________, ________________ and ______________________.
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_______________________ is an opening in the fetal heart in the inter-atrial septum, it closes after birth and becomes _________________________.
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Blood moves from the right atrium to the right ventricle by passing through the ___________________ valve.
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Inner wall of Ventricles have irregular ridges and folds, which are called ___________________________.
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Left and right ventricles are separated from each other by _____________________ septum.
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Blood passes from the right ventricle to the _________________________, through a valve called the _____________________________ .
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Left atrium receives blood from the ___________ via ________________ veins.
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Blood passes from the left atrium to the left ventricle through a valve called the _________________, also known as the ________________________.
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Blood passes from the _________________ to the aorta through a valve called the _________________________.
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What is the function of ductus arteriosus?
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Heart Valves open and close in response to ___________________ changes in the heart chambers.
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The valve is made up of 2-3 _____________ or __________________.
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Valves prevent the ____________________________.
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Where are the papillary muscles located?
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Papillary muscles are connected to the cusps by ___________________________________.
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Contraction of the right ventricle causes the ____________ valves to close and the _____________ valves to open, causing the blood to flow in to ______________________________.
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Where is the bicuspid valve?
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With each beat of the heart, the blood is pumped into two closed circuits
called _____________________ and ______________________ circulation.
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The heart sounds associated with the atrioventricular valves closing occur at __________.
the start of ventricular systole
During the cardiac cycle, which phase comes after isovolumetric contraction?
Ventricular ejection
What are the valve positions during isovolumetric contraction?
The atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves are both closed.
During resting conditions, the majority of ventricular filling is caused by _________.
passive blood flow from the atrium
The P wave of the electrocardiogram begins right before __________.
Atrial systole
The output of blood by the heart per minute is known as the _______ ________.
cardiac output
What is the amount of blood pumped by each ventricle in one minute known as?
cardiac output
Ventricular filling occurs during mid to late ventricular ______.
diastole
Isovolumetric contraction and Ventricular ejection are the two phases of ______ ______.
ventricular systole
During the Isovolumetric contraction phase of the cardiac cycle, which valves are open?
none