Meiosis
Meiosis
also known as reduction division. Type of cell division that occurs in sex cells to produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes.
gametes
egg and sperm
haploid
cells that contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cells
diploid
cells that contain 2 copies of every type of chromosome (one set from your mom and one set from your dad)
tetrad
structure that forms during Meiosis I when the homologous sister chromatids pair up
crossing over

when homologous pairs of chromosomes swap genetic information
What is produced at the end of meiosis?
4 daughter cells with half the genetic info as the parent cells.
Each daughter cell is unique
Oogenesis
formation of egg cells by meiosis in females (produces 1 egg cell and 3 polar bodies)
spermatogenesis
formation of sperm cells by meiosis in males. (creates 4 unique sperm)
zygote
a fertilized egg formed when egg and sperm join together to form a new diploid organism
telomere
structures on the ends of chromosomes that protect the DNA from unraveling (may contribute to aging)
homologous chromosomes
chromosomes that contain the same types of information such as genes for hair color, height, eye color, etc.
somatic cells
typical body cells
prophase I

Metaphase I

Anaphase I

Telophase I

Prophase II

Metaphase II

Anaphase II

Telophase II
