According to psychoanalytic therapy, human beings are:

Which of the following approaches contends that the nature of the human condition includes self-awareness, freedom of choice, responsibility, and anxiety as basic elements?
A. Gestalt therapy
B. Person-centered therapy
C. Existential therapy
D. Adlerian therapy

Which of the following approaches to therapy focuses on the unique style of life we create at an early age?
A. Family systems therapy
B. Reality therapy
C. Rational emotive behavior therapy
D. Adlerian therapy

Which of the following approaches is based on the premise that there are multiple realities and multiple truths?
A. Behavior therapy
B. Postmodern approaches
C. Rational emotive behavior therapy
D. Gestalt therapy

Which of the following orientations avoids exploring problems, and instead, focuses on creating solutions in the present and the future?
A. Freud's psychoanalytic approach
B. Family therapy
C. Person-centered therapy
D. Postmodern approaches

Which statement most closely reflects the philosophy of feminist therapy?
A. Feminist therapy depicts an accurate assessment of the psychosexual stages of development.
B. Androcentricism, gendercentricism, and ethnocentricism are important bias-free concepts of feminist therapy.
C. Constructs of feminist therapy include being gender-fair, flexible, interactionist, and life-span oriented.
D. Feminist therapy encourages the use of the DSM to assess psychopathology.

Adlerian therapy emphasizes the individual's:

Which of the following approaches would contend that normal personality development depends on the successful resolution of specific stages of development?
A. Narrative therapy
B. Family systems therapy
C. Psychoanalytic therapy
D. Solution-focused therapy

A key concept of Gestalt therapy is:

Which of the following therapies emphasizes that a person's belief system is the cause of emotional problems?
A. Solution-focused brief therapy
B. Existential therapy
C. Gestalt therapy
D. Cognitive behavior therapy

Personcentered therapy puts faith in the client's:

Which of the following approaches most emphasizes principles of learning?
A. Gestalt therapy
B. Behavior therapy
C. Narrative therapy
D. Family systems therapy

Which is not a key concept of feminist therapy?
A. The personal is political.
B. The counseling relationship is egalitarian.
C. Commitment to confronting oppression.
D. Women's problems are viewed from an intrapsychic perspective

Which approach offers encouragement so individuals can develop socially useful goals and increase social interest?

Which of the following approaches to therapy most attempts to provide a growth-promoting climate that is conducive to a client's selfexploration?
A. Psychoanalytic therapy
B. Gestalt therapy
C. Reality therapy
D. Person-centered therapy

One of the goals of feminist therapy is to:

Which of the following approaches places emphasis on challenging clients to recognize that they are responsible for events that they formerly thought were happening to them?
A. Psychoanalytic therapy
B. Existential therapy
C. Behavior therapy
D. Adlerian therapy

One of the major goals of reality therapy involves:

Which of the following approaches to therapy focuses on eliminating maladaptive behaviors?
A. Person-centered therapy
B. Gestalt therapy
C. Behavior therapy
D. Reality therapy

Empowerment and egalitarianism are the basis of the _______ therapeutic relationship.

According to traditional psychoanalytic therapy, the therapist:

In which of the following approaches does the therapist ask the client what they are choosing to do?
A. Choice theory/reality therapy
B. Gestalt therapy
C. Family systems therapy
D. Psychoanalytic therapy

In which therapy approach is the client viewed as the expert on his or her own life, while the therapist is seen as an expert questioner who assists clients in freeing themselves of their problem-saturated stories and create new life- affirming stories?

Which of the following approaches encourages therapists to accurately grasp the client's "being in the world"?
A. Psychoanalytic therapy
B. Adlerian therapy
C. Behavior therapy
D. Existential therapy

An Adlerian therapist would:

In which of the following approaches to therapy does the therapist become active and directive, functioning as a teacher or mentor for the client?
A. Existential therapy
B. Person-centered therapy
C. Behavior therapy
D. Gestalt therapy

A key technique of Adlerian therapy is:

Which of the following approaches to therapy stresses understanding first and technique second?
A. Gestalt therapy
B. Existential therapy
C. Rational emotive behavior therapy
D. Family systems therapy

One of the techniques used by behavior therapists in dealing with a client's anxiety is:

Which of the following approaches to therapy stresses the attitude of the therapist over the use of techniques?
A. Person-centered therapy
B. Psychoanalytic therapy
C. Cognitive-behavior therapy
D. Behavior therapy

The technique of intensifying experiences and integrating conflicting feelings is associated with:

In feminist therapy, the following technique(s) is/are used to help clients recognize the impact of gender-role socialization:

In psychoanalytic therapy, a technique of great importance is:

Which of the following therapies is based on a growth model and is applicable to such varied spheres of life as child guidance, parent-child counseling, and marital and family therapy?
A. Psychoanalytic therapy
B. Behavioral therapy
C. Cognitive behavior therapy
D. Adlerian therapy

Which of the following therapies is a pragmatic approach based on empirical validation of results?
A. Behavior therapy
B. Narrative therapy
C. Existential therapy
D. Rational emotive behavior therapy

Which of the following approaches to therapy is especially well suited for the initial phases of crisis intervention work?
A. Reality therapy
B. Person-centered therapy
C. Psychoanalytic therapy
D. Solution-focused brief therapy

Which of the following approaches is least likely to be applied to short-term crisis intervention?
A. Existential therapy
B. Person-centered therapy
C. Reality therapy
D. Psychoanalytic therapy

Existential therapy can be especially helpful for:

Which of the following approaches to therapy is applied to both women and men with the goal of bringing about empowerment?
A. Feminist therapy
B. Psychoanalytic therapy
C. Person-centered therapy
D. Adlerian therapy

One contribution of psychoanalytic therapy has been its:

Which of the following approaches is credited with an emphasis on assessment and evaluation?
A. Behavior therapy
B. Existential therapy
C. Psychoanalytic therapy
D. Reality therapy

Which of the following approaches recognized the need for a subjective approach based on a complete view of the human condition?
A. Family systems therapy
B. Psychoanalytic therapy
C. Person-centered therapy
D. Existential therapy

Which of the following approaches consists of simple and clear concepts and emphasizes the role of choice?
A. Psychoanalytic therapy
B. Reality therapy
C. Narrative therapy
D. Gestalt therapy

One contribution of Adlerian therapy has been an emphasis on:

Which of the following approaches to therapy puts an emphasis on direct experiencing and doing?
A. Person-centered therapy
B. Gestalt therapy
C. Rational emotive behavior therapy
D. Narrative therapyB. Gestalt therapy

The negative impact of discrimination and oppression for both men and women has surfaced as a result of:

A limitation of psychoanalytic therapy is that:

A limitation of reality therapy is that it:

A limitation of person-centered therapy is:

A limitation of existential therapy is its:

A limitation of Gestalt therapy is that it:

A limitation of behavior therapy is that it:

_______is an efficacious approach to helping people who experience psychological distress improve their functioning.

_______is designed to evaluate and to improve the quality and effectiveness of counseling services.

Which of the following approaches to integration refers to a conceptual creation beyond a mere blending of techniques?
A. Technical eclecticism
B. Common factors approach
C. Theoretical integration
D. Assimilative integration

The __________ measures a client's perception of the quality of the therapeutic relationship, which includes the relational bond with the therapist, the perceived collaboration around specific tasks in therapy, and agreement on goals, methods, and client preferences.

The common factors approach to psychotherapy integration:

The __________ assesses the client's therapeutic progress through ratings of a client's personal experience of well-being in his or her individual, interpersonal, and social functioning.

Regarding psychotherapy outcome, research shows:

What is the current thinking in the field regarding the role of spirituality in counseling?