pig practical Flashcards

produce saliva; also helps break down carbohydrates (with salivary amylase; and lubricates the passage of food down from the oro-pharynx to the esophagus to the stomach.

biggest producer of saliva;

saliva travels through the gland into here

salivary gland ; less fatty than parotid

h allows a person to breathe through the nose.

The soft palate is moveable; closing off the nasal passages during the act of swallowing, and also for closing off the airway.

hard: help facilitate the movement of food backwards towards the larynx

is to ventilate the middle ear space, ensuring that its pressure remains at near normal environmental air pressure

connects the pharynx (throat) to the stomach; functions as the conduit for food and liquids that have been swallowed into the pharynx to reach the stomach.

houses the vocal folds, and manipulates pitch and volume, which is essential for phonation

development of T-lymphocytes or T cells

the vital function of providing air flow to and from the lungs for respiration.

Sound production

hormones;Thyroid cells are the only cells in the body which can absorb iodine.

is the primary muscle used in the process of inspiration, or inhalation

breathing bitch!

o2 --> co2

is that portion that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities.

P: lines pleural cavity

v: covers surface of the lungs

are the main passageway into the lungs

making proteins and blood clotting factors, manufacturing triglycerides and cholesterol, glycogen synthesis, and bile production.

It acts as a filter for blood as part of the immune system.

plays a vital role in the chemical digestion of chyme in preparation for absorption in the small intestine.

Most of the nutrients present in food are absorbed by the jejunum before being passed on to the ileum for further absorption.

is mainly to absorb whatever products of digestion were not absorbed by the jejunum.

an exocrine function that helps in digestion and an endocrine function that regulates blood sugar.

is to store and concentrate bile, a yellow-brown digestive enzyme produced by the liver

carry bile from thegallbladder and empty it into the upper part of the small intestine

It then joins the common bile duct, which meets pancreatic duct before it empties into the duodenum

drains bile from the liver

reabsorb fluids and process waste products from the body and prepare for its elimination

absorb fluids and salts that remain after completion of intestinal digestion

acts as a temporary storage site for feces

is the last part of the digestive tract. is specialized to detect rectal contents. It lets you know whether the contents are liquid, gas, or solid.

is to absorb water from the remaining indigestible food matter and transmit the useless waste material from the body

where 90% of the digestion and absorption of food occurs, the other 10% taking place in the stomach and large intestine.

secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. Ridges of muscle tissue called rugae line thestomach. The stomach muscles contract periodically, churning food to enhance digestion. The pyloric sphincter is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the small intestine

limit the reflux of colonic contents into the ileum

supply pancreatic juice provided from the exocrine pancreas which aids in digestion

acts as a valve to controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the small intestine

attaches your intestines to the wall of your abdomen and holds them in place

s- brings deox blood from body to heart. veins from head feed into it... then will empty into right atrium of heart

carries deox blood from lower body to heart

empty blood from the upper extremities and then carry it back to the heart

is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts

supplies oxygenated blood to the head, neck and arm regions of the body.

supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, stomach, abdominal esophagus, spleen and the superior half of both the duodenum and the pancreas.

major blood vessel in the digestive system

supplies ox blood to genitals/ bladder region

provides the main blood supply to the legs

They drain blood from the pelvis and lower limbs.

is a blood vessel that carries blood from the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas and spleen to the liver

it allows oxygenated blood from the placenta to bypass the liver

It allows most of the blood from the right ventricle to bypass the fetus's fluid-filled non-functioning lungs.

e-receives the greater part of the blood from the exterior of the craniumand the deep parts of the face

i-collects blood from the brain and the superficial parts of the face and neck

These arteries transfer blood to the structures inside and outside of the skull.

blood to bicep/tricep area

a-carries oxygenated blood to your kidneys.

v-drain oxygen-depleted blood from the kidneys

The umbilical vein carries oxygenated, nutrient-rich blood from the placenta to the fetus, and the umbilical arteries carry deoxygenated, nutrient-depleted blood from the fetus to the placenta

a-distributes blood from the left ventricle of the heart to the rest of the body

d-give branches to the yolk-sac, and are continued backward through the body-stalk as the umbilical arteries to the villi of the chorion

is a veinrunning superiorly in the lower thoracic region

It is involved in protecting the body against infection, by delivering immune cells, known as lymphocytes

a- carries blood from right ventircle to lungs

supply blood to/away the heart muscle

is the chamber where incoming blood from the major vein of the circulatory system (vena cava) brings deoxygenated blood into the heart. The right atrium (auricle) receives the blood and pushes it into the the right ventricle, which then transports the blood to the lungs for oxygenation.

l-collect this blood and pump it to the left ventricle, which in turn pumps the blood to the body's tissues

r- responsible for pumping deox blood to lungs

l- recieves ox blood from left atrium

Both of these layers function in lubricating the heart to prevent friction during heart activity

They produce oocytes (eggs) for fertilisation and they produce the reproductive hormones, oestrogen and progesterone.

is the tube that links the ovary to the uterus and which the ovulated oocyte travels down to become fertilised by sperm present in the female tract

They are one of the points of attachment for the round ligament of uterus

allow flow of menstrual blood from the uterus into the vagina, and direct the sperms into the uterus during intercourse

receives the penis during sexual intercourse and also serves as a conduit for menstrual flow from the uterus. During childbirth, the baby passes through the vagina

he ventral part of the cloaca after its separation from the rectum, giving rise to the lower part of the bladder in both sexes, to the prostatic portion of the male urethra, and to the urethra and vestibule in the female.

covers the opening of the vagina.

are the male gonads — the primary male reproductive organs.

It contains the testicles (also called testes), as well as many nerves and blood vessels. The scrotum has a protective function and acts as a climate control system for the testes.

aids in the descent of the gonads (both testes and ovaries).

carries sperm from the testes to the ductus deferens in the male reproductive system

their purpose is to carry ejaculatory sperm out of the epididymis. To do this

Function. The structures which pass through the canals differ between males and females: in males: the spermatic cord and its coverings + the ilioinguinal nerve. in females: the round ligament of the uterus + the ilioinguinal nerve.

The prostate secretes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm

Semen combines fluid elements from the epididymis, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, and vas deferens.

makes the precum

fuckinggggg

stores urine

filtration

is a tube that carries urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

The urethra is the tube that carries urine from the bladder to outside of the body

Located at the top of each kidney, the adrenal glands produce hormones that help the body control blood sugar, burn protein and fat, react to stressors like a major illness or injury, and regulate blood pressure.

that protects and moisten the eye without losing visibility.