Human Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 20- Lymphatic System Flashcards

1) Small organs associated with lymphatic vessels are termed ________.
A) lymph follicles
B) lymph nodes
C) axillary nodes
D) cisterna chyli

2) Which of the following would not be classified as a lymphatic structure?
A) pancreas
B) spleen
C) tonsils
D) Peyer's patches of the intestine

3) The distal portion of the small intestine contains clumps of lymph follicles called ________.
A) islets of Langerhans
B) Peyer's patches
C) rugae
D) villi

4) Both lymph and venous blood flow are heavily dependent on ________.
A) the pumping action of the heart
B) skeletal muscle contractions and differences in thoracic pressures due to respiratory movement
C) contraction of the vessels themselves
D) two-way valves

5) The thymus is most active during ________.
A) fetal development
B) childhood
C) middle age
D) old age

6) Which lymphatic structure drains lymph from the right upper limb and the right side of the head and thorax?
A) lumbar trunk
B) thoracic duct
C) right lymphatic duct
D) cisterna chyli

7) What effect does age have on the size of the thymus?
A) The size of the thymus increases continuously from birth to death.
B) The size of the thymus decreases continuously from birth to death.
C) The thymus is not affected by age.
D) The thymus initially increases in size and then decreases in size from adolescence through old age.

8) The lymphatic capillaries are ________.
A) more permeable than blood capillaries
B) less permeable than blood capillaries
C) equally permeable to blood capillaries
D) completely impermeable

9) Antibodies that act against a particular foreign substance are released by ________.
A) T lymphocytes
B) plasma cells
C) lymph nodes
D) medullary cords

10) Lymph leaves a lymph node via ________.
A) efferent lymphatic vessels
B) afferent lymphatic vessels
C) the cortical sinus
D) the subscapular sinus

11) By secreting hormones, the thymus causes what cells to become immunocompetent?
A) basophils
B) lymphocytes
C) macrophages
D) monocytes

12) Functions of the spleen include all of those below except ________.
A) removal of old or defective blood cells from the blood
B) crypts that trap bacteria
C) storage of blood platelets
D) storage of iron

13) When the lymphatics are blocked due to tumors, the result is ________.
A) shrinkage of tissues distal to the blockage due to inadequate delivery of lymph
B) severe localized edema distal to the blockage
C) increased pressure in the lymphatics proximal to the blockage
D) abnormally high lymph drainage from the distal region

14) Select the correct statement about lymph transport.
A) Under normal conditions, lymph vessels are very high-pressure conduits.
B) Lymph transport is faster than that occurring in veins.
C) Lymph transport is only necessary when illness causes tissue swelling.
D) Lymph transport depends on the movement of adjacent tissues, such as skeletal muscles.

15) Select the correct statement about lymphocytes.
A) The two main types are T cells and macrophages.
B) B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.
C) T cells are the precursors of B cells.
D) T cells are the only form of lymphocyte found in lymphoid tissue.

16) Select the correct statement about lymphoid tissue.
A) Once a lymphocyte enters the lymphoid tissue, it resides there permanently.
B) Lymphoid macrophages secrete antibodies into the blood.
C) Lymphoid tissue is predominantly reticular connective tissue.
D) T lymphocytes act by ingesting foreign substances.

17) A ring of lymphoid tissue that appears as a swelling of the mucosa in the oral cavity is called a(n) ________.
A) tonsil
B) thymus
C) Peyer's patch
D) appendix

18) Which is not a mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue?
A) tonsil
B) thymus
C) Peyer's patch
D) appendix

19) Peyer's patches are found in the ________.
A) stomach
B) small intestine
C) large intestine
D) spleen

20) Lymph collecting or pooling from the lower extremities would first pool in the ________ before moving on up.
A) thoracic duct
B) inguinal nodes
C) cisterna chyli
D) azygos

21) What is a bubo?
A) a wall in a lymph node
B) a lobe of the spleen
C) an infected Peyer's patch
D) an infected lymph node

22) What is the function of a Hassall's corpuscle?
A) It increases the surface area of the thymic cortex.
B) It assists in the production of lymphocytes.
C) It forms the blood-thymus barrier.
D) It has no known significant function.

23) Particularly large clusters of lymph nodes occur in all of the following locations except the ________.
A) inguinal region
B) cervical region
C) axillary region
D) lower extremities

24) Digestive tract-associated lymphatic tissue includes all of the following except ________.
A) Peyer's patches
B) palatine tonsils
C) lingual tonsils
D) islets of Langerhans

25) Functions of the lymphatic system include ________.
A) transport of excess tissue fluid to the blood vascular system
B) transport of red blood cells to the blood vascular system
C) maintenance of blood pressure in the venous circulation
D) excretion of excess dietary fat

26) The tonsils located at the base of the tongue are the ________.
A) lingual tonsils
B) palatine tonsils
C) pharyngeal tonsils
D) Peyer's tonsils

27) Which of the following is not a normal component of lymph?
A) water
B) plasma proteins
C) red blood cells
D) ions

28) A sentinel node is ________.
A) a lymph node found in the intestinal lamina propria
B) the first node at the junction of all the lumbar trunks
C) a small node in the spleen
D) the first node to receive lymph from an area suspected to be cancerous

29) Peyer's patches are clusters of lymphoid tissue found primarily in the large intestine.

30) The lymphatics function to absorb the excess protein-containing interstitial fluid and return it to the bloodstream

31) Lymph always flows away from the heart

32) Lymphatic capillaries are permeable to proteins

33) Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.

34) Chyle is delivered to the blood via the lymphatic system

35) All lymphoid organs develop from mesoderm

36) About 3 liters of fluid are lost to the tissue spaces every 24 hours and are returned to the bloodstream as lymph

37) Because lymph vessels are very low-pressure conduits, movements of adjacent tissues are important in propelling lymph through the lymphatics

38) Lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue

39) Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.

40) All the lymphoid organs are well developed before birth

41) An infected lymph gland is called a bubo

42) The largest lymphatic vessels are called lacteals

43) The cisterna chyli collects lymph from the lumbar trunks draining the upper limbs and from the intestinal trunk draining the digestive organs

44) If even a small part of the spleen is left in a ten-year-old child, it will most likely regenerate itself

The thymus lacks T cells

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