Human Anatomy & Physiology: The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

_____________ is the production of a new individual for the propagation of the species.

Reproduction slumbers until ___________

___________ ___________ organs, or Gonads (________) are called _______ in males and __________ in female.

Gonads are responsable for the production of _________, (or _________) and ___________.

Gonads have both __________ and ____________ functions

___________ function refers to ducts for production of and transport of gametes

Endocrine function refers to secretion of _________ __________

Female sex hormones are

Male sex hormone is

The Haploid reproductive sex cells from :

• Male
• Female

The Male Reproductive System role is to manufacture male gametes called ________ and deliver them to the ________ reproductive tract. where __________ can occur.

The sperm-producing ______ or male _______ (seed), lie within the ___________.

___________ , which means "pouch" is a sack of ______ and _______ ________ that hangs outside the abdominopelvic cavity at the root of the penis.

Scrotum is covered with _______ and contains paired oval __________

• Scrotum is affected by ________________.
• The superficial location of the scrotum, which provides a temperature about ____ ºC lower, is an essential adaptation for ________ production.

Scrotum is formed of 3 main parts:

• Scrotum is divided into ____ compartments, each one for each ______.
• This division starts with a loose Connective Tissue wall called ___________, which divides the scrotum into two compartments, at the superficial fascia
• Septum is supported by a median ridge (external) called ___________

The changes of scrotal surface area help maintain a fairly constant intrascrotal temperature and reflect the activity of two sets of muscles called __________, which are subcutaneous muscle of the scrotum which are also a part of the ___________. This muscle causes the skin of the scrotum to wrinkle.

_____________ muscle surrounds each of the spermatic cords and testicles. It is a continuation of the internal oblique muscle.

_____________ muscle functions in controlling the temperature of the testes, which need to be kept at a temperature of 3 degrees ______

For maximum production of _________, Cremaster Muscle raises the testes during sexual arousal and upon exposure to the cold, and by lowering the testes away from the body when they get to warm.

• The primary sex organ of the male is called__________
• these are plum size that weighs ____ to ___ grams, about _______ cm long, _____ wide, and is surrounded by ___ tunics.

Tunica _________ is an out-pocketing of the parietal peritoneum which becomes a serous covering of the testicle.

Tunica ___________ is a white fibrous capsule which covers each testicle and invaginates to form ________ walls which divide the testes into many compartments called ___________ (about _____ to _____ of them).

Lobules contain _________ tubules which produce ________ by spermatogenesis.

• Seminiferous tubule are ______, highly ______ tubules which occupy the _________.
• These tubules are the ______ of sperm production.

• They contain Sustentacular (__________) or _______ cells, which secrete ________ to protect the developing ____________ from the male ________ system and nutrients.

Excess sperm would cause an _________ from the immune system

• Seminiferous tubules consist of a thick __________ epithelium surrounding a central fluid-containing _______.
• The epithelium consists of ________ ___________ (____ formation) cells embedded in substantially large columnar cells call _____________.

_________ cells form a smooth muscle-like layer (3 to 5) which contract. _______ cells may help to squeeze sperm and testicular fluids through the tubules and out of the testes

Lying in the soft connective tissue surrounding the seminiferous tubules are the ___________ _________ cells, also known (_______ cells). These cells produce androgens, also known as __________, which is the male sex hormone.

Undescended testes is a problem called _________ which could cause cancer.

SPERM

All sperm are _________, which means they contain half the full chromosome number.

Sperm are produced by _________ sex cell division.

Diploid cells account _______ chromosomes (also known as __________ chromosomes).

Haploid cells account ________ chromosomes (also known as __________ chromosomes).

• ____________________ (Sperm formation) is the process that occurs in the seminiferous tubules of the testes that produces male gametes (______ or ___________).
• It begins at ___________
• Every day _______ million sperm are produced.

It takes ________ days to produce sperm from.

1. It starts with ________ spermatocytes cells, forming
2. _________ spermatocytes continue into meiosis II to
3. _________ - small round cells with large spherical nuclei - compact DNA - and it is No Motile. turn into
4. ________ or spermatozoon is formed

Sperm consist of three main part which will subdivide:

• Head contain paternal _________.
• It has a ________ called the _________ which contains an enzyme called __________ which aids the sperm in penetrating into the _______.

Midpiece contains ___________ which use the ______ fructose to produce ______ for locomotion

Tail is a __________ used to propel the ______ along its way.

• Still in the testicle, next to the testis exists a "cup-like shaped" _____________ (means beside the testes) or _____________.
• This is a highly coiled tubule (____ft)
• It lies on the posterior border of the _________.

• Epididymis is a section where sperm is _______ and under-go final ___________.
• This is a _______ from the testis which functions as a _______ area of sperm before __________ as well as an area of _____________

The tails of ______ require to _____ to _____ days for the tail to mature for motility.

Sperm are ejaculated from the _____________.

Once stimulated an ____________ is caused by the _______ muscles of the epididymis contracts, expelling sperm into the next segment.

To continue, the _________ _________, also known as Van Deferens, a tubule which carries sperm ______ from the epididymis toward the male _________.

Ductus Deferens means __________

• Ductus Deferens is lined with ______ _________ with _________.
• Contains _________ muscle for ___________, which delivers sperm toward the urethra.

Some men opt to take full responsability for birth control by having a ____________ which means "cut the vas". This procedure the physician makes a small incision into the scrotum and then cuts through and ligates or cauterizes each ____________.

Ductus Deferense goes upward through the ________ Cord, which is a connective tissue sheath enclosing :

Cremaster muscle is made of :

Spermatic cord travels upward through the __________ _______, which is a hole in the abdominal wall through which the spermatic cord passes. It is a weak spot in the _______ of the __________ which can tear open causing an _____________________-

The ductus deferens joins a duct from _________ vessicle and enters the prostate as the _____________

An approximate 8"inches duct in length which empties the urinary bladder is called:___________

It transports urine and semen (at different times), so it serves both _________ and ___________ systems in the next three regions

The portion of Urethra that passes through the prostate, and is about 1" in length, is called _________

___________ urethra is aprox. .5" in length as it passes through the urogenital diaphragm.

It is also known as

__________ urethra is approx. 6" in length, and passes through the corpus spongiosum

_______________ is an enlargement of the distal end of the urethra in the area of the glans penis.

_____________ ____________ _________ is the distal opening of the urethra.

Accessory Sex Glands secrete most of the ________ portion of __________

Accessory Sex Glands in males are:

_________________ lie on the posterior surface of the urinary bladder; they secrete a viscous, ___________ (pH) fluid rich in fructose.

The alkalinity helps to __________ the acidity of the _______ reproductive tract.

The fructose is used by the mitochondria of the sperm to produce ________ to power the ____________.

• The ___________ or Prostatic gland is a single ___________ -shaped gland about the size of a _______
• It is inferior to the __________ _________.

It secretes a ______, slightly ______ fluid containing citric acid, and several ________ enzymes to coagulate the ________ shortly after ejaculation.

It produces ____% of semen volume.

_____________________ Gland is about the size of a ____; they secrete an _____________ fluid to neutralize the acidity of the male ________, and mucus which ___________ the urethra as well as serving as a lubricant during __________ intercourse. Procudes ___% of semen vol.

SEMEN Is a mixture of ________ and the secretions from the _________ _______.

It is a volume of about ____ to ___ ml, with _____ to _____ million sperm per ml

When the sperm count bring less than 20 million/ml sperm, it is considered _________

Sterility depend on:

• Sperm is a transport medium to carry ________ and __________ acidity.

________________ _________ is a natural antibiotic which destroys bacteria in the reproductive tract.

PENIS is the mail _________ organ. Functions in ________ and ___________.

Sex reproductive organs known as ___________ are not copulatory organs.

_______ ___________ are two cylinders dorsolateral of tissue (at the top) of the penis.

_______ ___________ is one cylinder midventral of tissue, at the lower part of penis

1. During sexual arousal, _________ which convey blood to the two corporal _________ undergo __________ and engorge these two cylinders of tissue with blood.

2- The __________ which drain blood from these two cylinders undergo _____________ and restrict blood from leaving the two cylinders

The result of these two cylinders filling with blood is called an ______________

The corpus ____________ does not undergo this process due to the fact that it would __________ the urethra and not allow passage of the __________.

The propulsion of the semen from the urethra to the exterior is called

_________ _________ or acorn, is the head of the penis.

Foresink or __________ is a loose fitting flap of skin covering the glans

This flap of skin is remove during a process called