Human Anatomy & Physiology: Learning Objectives - Ch 6 / Bones and Skeletal Tissues / Lecture Flashcards

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Learning objectives and definitions
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1

Which of the following is not composed of hyaline cartilage?

  1. Costal cartilages
  2. Intervertebral discs
  3. Respiratory cartilages
  4. Nasal cartilages

B

2

Match the following: Nasal cartilage

  1. Connects the ribs to the sternum
  2. Covers the ends of most bones
  3. Forms the skeleton of the larynx
  4. Supports the external nose

D

3

Yellow marrow is useful as __________.

  1. a calcium reserve
  2. a tissue that may revert back to red marrow if a person needs more red blood cells
  3. a red blood cell reserve
  4. a cartilage reserve

B

4

The bones in the long axis of the body make up the __________.

  1. long bones
  2. trabeculae
  3. appendicular skeleton
  4. axial skeleton

D

5

Which of the following is true with respect to hyaline cartilage?

  1. Most abundant skeletal cartilage
  2. Located in the external ear and epiglottis
  3. Better able to stand up to repeated bending

A

6

Match the description to the correct function of the skeletal system: Mineral storage

  1. Encloses brain and other soft organs
  2. Calcium phosphate repository
  3. Blood cell production
  4. Site of attachment for skeletal muscles

B

7

Match the description to the correct function of the skeletal system: Hematopoiesis

  1. Calcium phosphate repository
  2. Site of attachment for skeletal muscles
  3. Blood cell production
  4. Encloses brain and other soft organs

C

8

Collagen fibers do not __________.

  1. provide for bone hardness
  2. provide tensile strength to bone
  3. provide resistance to stretching forces on bone
  4. provide resistance to twisting forces on bone

A

9

Bones serve as an important reservoir of __________.

  1. protein
  2. glucose
  3. vitamin A
  4. cholesterol
  5. calcium

E

10

Match the following: Articular cartilages

  1. Covers the ends of most bones at moveable joints
  2. Supports the external nose.
  3. Connects the ribs to the sternum
  4. Forms the skeleton of the larynx

A

11

Which of the following sites is the site where bone marrow is routinely sampled in an adult?

  1. the sternum
  2. the head of the humerus
  3. the diaphysis of long bone
  4. the diploe of the skull bones

A

12

At the end of secondary ossification, hyaline cartilage can be found __________.

  1. where yellow marrow is produced
  2. in the medullary cavity
  3. at the epiphyseal plates
  4. where red marrow is produced

C

13

The menisci of the knee are made of __________.

  1. elastic connective tissue
  2. fibrocartilage
  3. hyaline cartilage
  4. dense connective tissue similar to ligaments and tendons

B

14

Which of the following bones belong to the axial skeleton?

  1. Bones of the shoulder
  2. Leg bones
  3. Arm bones
  4. Ribs

D

15

The bones of the skeleton store energy reserves as fat in __________.

  1. yellow marrow
  2. the ground substance
  3. red marrow
  4. spongy bone

A

16

Correctly match the definition and term: Cartilage cells

  1. Osteocytes
  2. Osteoblasts
  3. Chondrocytes
  4. Hematopoiesis
  5. Spongy bone

C

17

Match the description to the correct function of the skeletal system: Movement

  1. Blood cell production
  2. Calcium phosphate repository
  3. Site of attachment for skeletal muscles
  4. Encloses brain and other soft organs

C

18

Match the following: Costal cartilages

  1. Covers the ends of most bones
  2. Forms the skeleton of the larynx
  3. Connects the ribs to the sternum
  4. Supports the external nose.

C

19

Match the description to the correct function of the skeletal system: Protection

  1. Blood cell production
  2. Calcium phosphate repository
  3. Site of attachment for skeletal muscles
  4. Encloses brain and other soft organs

D

20

Correctly match the definition and term: Blood cell formation

  1. Chondrocytes
  2. Osteoblasts
  3. Hematopoiesis
  4. Spongy bone
  5. Osteocytes

C

21

Match the following: Respiratory cartilages

  1. Forms the skeleton of the larynx and reinforces other respiratory passages
  2. Covers the ends of most bones
  3. Connects the ribs to the sternum
  4. Supports the external nose.

A

22

Match the type of cartilaginous feature to the correct description: Elastic cartilage

  1. Able to withstand heavy loads and absorb shock
  2. Most abundant skeletal cartilage
  3. Located in the external ear and epiglottis

C

23

Match the type of cartilaginous feature to the correct description: Fibrocartilage

  1. Able to withstand heavy loads and absorb shock
  2. Most abundant skeletal cartilage
  3. Located in the external ear and epiglottis

A

24

Cartilage forming cells in the surrounding pericardium secret new matrix _________ the external face of the ______ cartilage tissue

  1. against, new
  2. within, new
  3. against, exsisting
  4. within, new

C

25

The lacunae-bound chondrocytes ______and secrete new matrix, expanding the cartilage from _______.

  1. divide, within
  2. divide, outside
  3. die, within
  4. die, outside

C

26

Correctly match the term and description: Diaphysis

  1. Secondary ossification center
  2. Primary ossification center
  3. Site of length increase in long bones
  4. Process of long bone development

B

27

Match the following descriptions of the important functions of bone: Hormone production

  1. Supports the body and cradles its soft organs
  2. Helps to regulate insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure
  3. Surrounds the brain, spinal cord, and heart
  4. As a result, we can walk, grasp objects, and breathe
  5. A source of energy for the body, is stored in bone cavities

B

28
card image

Identify the general class of bone indicated by "A."

  1. Long bone (humerus)
  2. Flat bone (sternum)
  3. Short bone (talus)
  4. Irregular bone (vertebra)

A

29

Match the description to the correct answer: Has a length greater than width

  1. Long bone (humerus)
  2. Flat bone (sternum)
  3. Short bone (talus)
  4. Irregular bone (vertebra)

A

30

Match the description to the correct answer: Approximately equal in length and width

  1. Long bone (humerus)
  2. Flat bone (sternum)
  3. Short bone (talus)
  4. Irregular bone (vertebra)

C

31
card image

Identify the stage of long bone growth at the epiphyseal plate indicated by "B."

  1. Hypertrophic zone
  2. Calcification zone
  3. Proliferation zone
  4. Ossification zone

C

32

Correctly match the definition and term: Short bone

  1. Sternum of breastbone
  2. Carpals of wrist
  3. Femur of the leg
  4. Patella of knee
  5. Vertebrae of spinal column and hip bones

B

33
card image

Identify the stage of long bone growth at the epiphyseal plate indicated by "D."

  1. Hypertrophic zone
  2. Calcification zone
  3. Proliferation zone
  4. Ossification zone

B

34

Correctly match the definition and term: Fibrous connective tissue membrane that covers the outer surface of long bone

  1. Periosteum
  2. Diaphysis
  3. Epiphysis
  4. Endosteum
  5. Medullary cavity

A

35

Match the following descriptions of the important functions of bone: Anchorage

  1. Helps to regulate insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure
  2. Surrounds the brain, spinal cord, and heart.
  3. Supports the body and cradles its soft organs
  4. As a result, we can walk, grasp objects, and breathe
  5. A source of energy for the body, is stored in bone cavities

D

36

Match the description to the correct function of the skeletal system: Hematopoiesis

  1. Calcium phosphate repository
  2. Site of attachment for skeletal muscles
  3. Blood cell production
  4. Encloses brain and other soft organs

C

37

Correctly match the definition and term: Sesamoid bone

  1. Vertebrae of spinal column and hip bones
  2. Patella of knee
  3. Femur of the leg
  4. Carpals of wrist
  5. Sternum of breastbone

B

38

Match the description to the correct answer: Approximately equal in length and width

  1. Sesamoid bone
  2. Short bone
  3. Long bone
  4. Irregular bone
  5. Flat bone

B

39

Correctly match the definition and term: Hollow space in the shaft of a long bone

  1. Medullary cavity
  2. Periosteum
  3. Endosteum
  4. Epiphysis
  5. Diaphysis

A

40
card image

Identify the stage of long bone growth at the epiphyseal plate indicated by "C."

  1. Hypertrophic zone
  2. Calcification zone
  3. Proliferation zone
  4. Ossification zone

A

41

Match the following descriptions of the important functions of bone: Support

  1. Supports the body and cradles its soft organs
  2. You Were Sure and incorrect
  3. Surrounds the brain, spinal cord, and heart
  4. Helps to regulate insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure
  5. As a result, we can walk, grasp objects, and breathe
  6. A source of energy for the body, is stored in bone cavities

A

42

Correctly match the term and description: Epiphyseal plate

  1. Site of length increase in long bones
  2. Process of long bone development
  3. Secondary ossification center
  4. Primary ossification center

C

43

Match the description to the correct answer: Bone with a complex shape

  1. Irregular bone
  2. Sesamoid bone
  3. Flat bone
  4. Short bone
  5. Long bone

A

44
card image

Identify the general class of bone indicated by "C."

  1. Long bone (humerus)
  2. Flat bone (sternum)
  3. Short bone (talus)
  4. Irregular bone (vertebra)

B

45

Match the following descriptions of the important functions of bone: Triglyceride (fat) storage

  1. Helps to regulate insulin secretion, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure
  2. Surrounds the brain, spinal cord, and heart
  3. Supports the body and cradles its soft organs
  4. A source of energy for the body, is stored in bone cavities
  5. As a result, we can walk, grasp objects, and breathe

D

46

Large rounded projection, may be roughened.

  1. tuberosity
  2. crest
  3. trochanter
  4. line

A

47

Narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

  1. tuberosity
  2. crest
  3. trochanter
  4. line

B

48

Very large, blunt, irregularly shaped process

  1. Trochanter
  2. Line
  3. tubercle
  4. epicondyle

A

49

Hydroxyapatite in bone matrix that gives bone its hardness is primarily composed of __________.

  1. calcium and vitamin D
  2. calcium and osteocytes
  3. calcium and phosphates
  4. calcium and osteoclasts

C

50
card image

Match the description to the correct stage of intramembranous ossification: Formation of compact bone plates and red marrow

  1. stage 1
  2. stage 2
  3. stage 3
  4. stage 4

C

51
card image

Match the description to the correct stage of intramembranous ossification: Formation of compact bone plates and red marrow

  1. stage 1
  2. stage 2
  3. stage 3
  4. stage 4

D