Vasoconstriction and bronchodilation result from stimulation by the ________ division.
sympathetic
Autonomic fibers emerging from the craniosacral region of the spinal
cord belong to the
________ division.
parasympathetic
Postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic system are called
________ because they release
the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
cholinergic
The ________ nervous system consists of complete three-neuron reflex
arcs that exist entirely
within the wall of the digestive tube.
enteric
During development, all neurons with cell bodies in the PNS derive from the ________.
neural crest
The cell bodies of postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the pupil
and lens of the eye are
located in the ________ ganglion.
ciliary
The ________ plexus is a network through which branches of the vagus
pass to the intestines
and liver.
celiac
Autonomic fibers to the pelvic organs pass through the pelvic plexus,
also known as the
________ plexus.
inferior hypogastric
Visceral reflexes that do not involve the CNS but instead synapse in
sympathetic ganglia are
called ________ reflex arcs.
peripheral
Sympathetic preganglionic fibers leaving the thoracic spinal nerves
may ascend within the
________ before synapsing so that they can
exit near the head.
sympathetic trunk
Gray rami communicantes contain ________ sympathetic fibers that
travel to peripheral
structures.
postganglionic
The sensation of pain from a visceral organ that is perceived in the
skin or outer body is the
phenomenon called ________.
referred pain
The primary integrating center of the ANS is the ________ of the diencephalon.
hypothalamus
The adrenal medulla is comprised of modified sympathetic ________
neurons which secretes
epinephrine and norepinephrine.
adrenergic or post-ganglionic
Congenital megacolon, or Hirschsprung's disease, is a birth defect in
which the ________
innervation of the distal region of the large
intestine fails to develop normally.
parasympathetic