Masseter
prime mover of jaw closure, elevates mandible.
orbicularis oris
closes lips, purses and protrudes lips (ie kissing or whistling)
encircles mouth
trapezius
extends head. raises, rotates, and retracts (adducts) scapula and stabilizes it.
deltoid
acting as a whole, prime mover of arm abduction.
triceps brachii
powerful forearm extensor
biceps brachii
flexion of elbow and supination of forearm
brachialis
major forearm flexor
brachioradialis
synergist in forearm extension
pectoralis major
prime mover of arm flexion; adducts, medially rotates arm
intercostals
external: pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage (inspiration)
internal: draw ribs together to depress rib cage (expiration)
rectus abdominis
flexes and rotates vertebral column
obliques
external: largest and most superficial of the 3 lateral muscles. flexes & rotates vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall.
internal: same functions as external
sartorius
flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee
hamstrings group
extends thigh, flexes knee
gastrocnemius
(calf muscle) plantar flexes foot
soleus
(deep to gastrocnemius) plantar flexion, is an important muscle for locomotion
tibialis anterior
prime mover of dorsiflexion
latissimus dorsi
prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm
gluteus maximus
powerful thigh extensor, laterally rotates and abduct thigh
gluteus medius
abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis
erector spinae
extend and bend the vertebral column laterally
diaphragm
prime mover of inspiration flattens on contraction
quadriceps group
extends knee and flexes thigh at hip. steadies knee
Sternocleidomastoid
flexion of neck forward, rotate head toward shoulder on opposite side