Work Ethics
Ethics is the study of conduct and character. Determining what is good or valuable. Reflects commitment to standards beyond own person.
Code of Ethics
Philosophical ideas of right and wrong that define the principles you will use to provide care to your patients.
Publication: Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements
guide for carrying out nursing responsibilities that provide quality nursing care; also outlines the ethical obligations of the profession. See Chapter 22 note card set for more info.
Regulatory agencies:
OSHA
U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration.
Regulatory agencies:
Licensure
NCLEX-RN, exam administered by the individual State Boards of Nursing. Exam is same in every state. Provides a standard minimum knowledge base for nurses.
Regulatory agencies:
DHHA
Deaf and Hard of Hearing Alliance
Regulatory agencies:
DHSR
Division of Health Service Regulation: oversees medical, mental health, and adult care facilities, emergency medical serves, and local jails.
Regulatory agencies:
CMS
Services for Medicare & Medicaid Services: administers the Medicare, Medicaid and Child Health Insurance programs.
Professional Organizations
Deals with issues of concern to those practicing in the profession of nursing. In North America: National League for Nursing (NLN), and American Nurses Association (ANA)
NLN
Advances excellence in nursing education to prepare nurses to meet the needs of a diverse population in a changing health care environment.
Sets standards for excellence and innovation in nursing education.
ANA
Improves standards of health and availability of health care, to foster high standards for nursing, and promote professional development and general and economic welfare of nurses.
NSNA
National Student Nurses Association (US),Canadian Student Nurses Association (CSNA)(Canada). considers issues of importance for nursing students such as career development and prep for licensing.
some professional organizations focus on
specific areas such as: critical care, nursing administration, nursing research or nurse-midwifery. Also present educational programs and publish journals.
ANA is part of
International Council of Nurses (ICN), same objectives of ANA: promote national associations of nurses, improve standards of nursing practice, seek a higher status for nurses, and provide an international power base for nurses.
Accrediting bodies:
(TJC)
The Joint Commission(for accreditation): organization that's mission is to continuously improve health care for the public, by evaluating health care organizations and inspire them to excel in providing safe and effective care of the highest quality and value.
Access to Healthcare
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DRGs
Diagnosis-related groups: each group has a fixed amount with adjustments based on severity, rural/urban/regional costs, and teaching costs. Set dollar amounts based on assigned DRG.
DRGs: same amount regardless of
Patient's length of stay or use of services.
Primary health care: focuses on
improved health outcomes for an entire population.
Primary health care includes:
primary care and health education, proper nutrition, maternal/child health care, family planning, immunizations, and control of diseases.
Primary health care requires:
collaboration among health professionals, health care leaders, and community members. Focus is on improving health care equity, making health care systems person centered, developing reliable and accountable health care leaders, and promote/protect health of communities.
Secondary and tertiary care: Most common services
diagnosis and treatment of illnesses. Disease management most common and expensive service of health care delivery system.
Secondary and tertiary care are also called
Acute care. It is usually more costly. sometimes they do the surgeries right in the office to help minimize the costs.
Nursing care delivery systems
Preventative and Primary health Care, Secondary and Tertiary care, Restorative care, continuing care,
Competence recommended by
The Pew health Professions Commissions, a national and interdisciplinary group of health care leaders.
Competencies emphasize the importance of
public service, caring for the health of communities, and developing ethically responsible behaviors.
IOM ? identified 5 interrelated competencies that are essential for all health care workers in the 21st century
Prevention and management, care management and coordination, patient education, public health, and transitional care.